Materials needed:

Canson or English scratchboard
pencils - erasers - newsprint
X-acto knives (or scratch tools)
carbon paper

Resources:

Scratchboard Internet Lesson - by Wendy Free

Procedures:

1. Look for a subject that has a predominance of black and good smooth gradations of light. Sketch out the outlines on newsprint that is the same size as your board.

2. Transfer the image to the board using carbon paper and you will be able to barely see the lines.

3. Practice the scratchboard techniques of cross-hatch drawing. Start with a set of lines short and all the same length and spacing apart. Do not press hard, very light touch. Next, cross them with slightly longer lines and the first set looks whiter. Repeat with a third set going in another direction even longer and now the gradation is started. Repeatedly increase the number of layers of lines in many directions to achieve a smooth change of light to dark.

4. You are taking black off of a white board so start at the lightest areas and work to the black. This means that the drawing will not look like much for the first part of the process but soon it will start to look good.

5. If you need to put black back on, you can use drawing ink pens, but you can’t scratch it out again. Spray with Crystal Clear fix at the end to protect it and make it shine.

Resources/Introduction: http://www.pixar.com; Picasso’s bulls (stages of abstraction) http://pages.cpsc.ucalgary.ca; online reef photo galleries like http://www.scubatravel.co.uk/photo2.html; jungle photo galleries like (at school! will send in after break!); Rousseau jungle scapes, Wyland sea scapes (image resource sheet available)

Assorted images of animals and marine life, newsprint, pencils, erasers, scratchboard, scratch tools, ball point pen, watercolors, brushes

Procedures:

1. View marine and jungle ‘scapes and identify perspective techniques (overlapping, size/placement, atmospheric perspective…).
2. Students choose subject of composition and do sketches in computer lab of flora and fauna contained within their environment.
3. View Picasso’s bulls and Pixar website – discuss similarities between Picasso’s processes of abstraction and creation of cartoon characters from FINDING NEMO from real life clownfish, surgeonfish, etc.
4. Use sketches to create "cartoonized" composition of creatures and their surroundings.
5. Practice scratchboard techniques for creating value and texture on scrap board (value scale, shaded sphere, and one animal from drawn composition).
6. Transfer drawn composition to scratchboard by tracing with ballpoint pen.
7. Scratch images using directional line and pattern. Create varied values with scratch techniques. Contrast is important.
8. Complete scratchboard piece by tinting with watercolors – mixed colors with tints, shades, and tones.